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To help countries to improve asset-backed pension systems and build people’s trust that their best interest is considered, the present edition of the OECD Pensions Outlook provides a series of recommendations on how to introduce, develop and strengthen asset-backed pension arrangements, the role that employers can play in the development of these arrangements, how fees can be charged to protect retirement assets and align them with the cost of the services provided, how to ensure the appropriateness of mortality assumptions, and the design and introduction of non-guaranteed lifetime retirement income arrangements.

El sistema público de pensiones es un pilar básico del Estado de bienestar en Europa. Son viables y sostenibles siempre que se adapten a los continuos cambios económicos, sociales y demográficos que experimentan las sociedades. El reto es encontrar el equilibrio apropiado ante cambios continuos del sistema.

Pension plans are facing challenges not seen in the global economy in decades as they feel the effects of the pandemic, global conflicts, supply chain disruptions and a reversal of the trend toward globalization. These developments have brought higher levels of inflation, rising interest rates and greater uncertainty in economic conditions, while life expectancies continue to rise and populations age. All these pressures are occurring at a time when individuals are taking on more responsibility as the prevalence of defined contribution (DC) arrangements continue to increase around the world.

El lenguaje no es neutral: La Real Academia española da dos acepciones al adjetivo increíble: que no puede creerse y muy difícil de creer. Vienen a ser lo mismo y escamotean una acepción que el pueblo usa profusamente: que [siendo verdad] causa gran admiración o sorpresa. Las pensiones españolas, sujetas desde 2019 a un intenso debate para su reforma, son a la vez increíblemente buenas y de sostenibilidad increíble. El adverbio de la primera afirmación responde al uso de la acepciónantes comentada, mientras que el adjetivo de la afirmación segunda responde a la acepción.

OECD’s biennial report on the pension systems across OECD and G20 countries. Each edition opens with an overview comparing pension policies of OECD countries and recent reforms. This is followed by at least one thematic chapter and a range of indicators including pension projections for today’s workers.

The pandemic has taken a heavy toll all over the world, and excess mortality reduced life expectancy at birth by 1.5 years in Spain in 2020. Despite the COVID-19 crisis, old-age income and pension entitlements have been well protected in most OECD countries including Spain.